Unit Cell: A simple arrangement of atoms or molecules which is repeated to develop a solid crystal structure is called a unit cell. It has several branches. Saturated Solution: A solution where the solvent is in a completely saturated state and cannot dissolve additional amount of solute into it. Below is a massive list of chemistry words - that is, words related to chemistry. You are required to know them as questions on “definitions” are very popular. It is useful for removing toxic substances from air, and water. It carries a single positive charge and its mass is equal to that of an electron. Over a period of time, the many definitions in this field have undergone several changes due to the development of new theories, and discovery of new chemical substances and phenomena. Here is a word list of key chemistry words for … Substitution Reaction: A chemical reaction in which a functional group present in a given chemical compound is substituted by a new group. This element's name comes from the Greek word meaning 'inactive'. Hydrated Aluminum potassium sulfate is commonly known as alum. This list is just the catalyst you need to improve your chemistry vocabulary. It involves, heating of the ore at high temperature in presence of atmospheric oxygen, in order to get rid of the sulfide. Molecule: A small, neutrally charged particle formed as a result of chemical bonding between two or more atoms. This way, the metal is obtained either in a free state or in the form of an oxide. Hund’s Rule: Hund’s rule is a guiding principle for filling up of p, d and f subshells of an atom. Branched Chain Alkane: Those compounds of alkanes that form branches, as a result of bonding the main chain of the molecule with functional groups are called branched chain alkanes. Chemistry Vocabulary Word for Beginners. A-Z Chemistry definitions for use with A-Level Chemistry Our database of chemistry definitions provides key information and a summary of many chemistry terms, covering them in enough detail to help you fully understand the terms in preparation for your A-Level Chemistry exams. Chemistry for Kids. Boiling Point: The temperature at which the atmospheric pressure and the vapor pressure of the liquid become equal is called the boiling point. When dipped into acid solution a blue litmus paper turns red, on the other hand if a red litmus paper is put into a base solution it becomes blue. Law of Conservation of Matter: Law of conservation of matter states that the total mass of a system in a closed state, remains unchanged despite the changes that are taking place within the system. Everything in the world is made of atoms, which is the smallest unit of matter. It shows strong resistance towards corrosion and therefore, is used in various alloys. Gamma Ray: Gamma rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation with high energy and penetrating power and are released by atoms of radioactive elements. See How It Works See how Vocabulary A-Z makes it easy to support your K-5 curriculum and help students build vocabulary. Graphite: An allotropic form of element carbon, Graphite, is a good conductor of electricity and possess good lubricating properties. Third Law of Thermodynamics: The third law of thermodynamics states that at absolute zero temperature, the entropy of an element in a perfect crystalline form would become zero. Read on to find out more about the many terms and definitions associated with this stream …. Select the first letter of the chemistry term you need a definition for: Some common chemistry terms: Element - A substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances. Quick revise. Donor Atom: A donor atom is the one that shares or donates its electrons to a Lewis acid to form a coordination complex. Water: Water is a colorless, odorless, transparent liquid substance. Chemistry is a physical science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions; it features an extensive vocabulary and a significant amount of jargon. It has several branches. Endothermic Reaction: A type of chemical reaction which absorbs heat energy during the process. Structural Formula: When the structure of the molecule of a compound is represented in the graphical form, it is called a structural formula. Here, nitrogen and hydrogen gases are reacted under high temperature and pressure, in presence of an iron catalyst to produce ammonia. Wurtz reaction: It is a reaction where coupling of two molecules of alkyl halides takes place, when they are reacted with sodium and form a new alkane. As it has a high penetrating power, gamma rays are used for radiation therapy to treat cancer. You are required to know all these definitions, and we may add other definitions and key words as we progress through the unit. Hydrocarbons: Hydrocarbons are simple organic compounds that are made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms only. Our site includes quite a bit of content, so if you're having an issue finding what you're looking for, go on ahead and use that search feature there! To see more word lists, please go to the home page for interactive worksheets, word games, word puzzles and themed content derived from Latin roots and word parts. Xenon: A noble gas element whose atomic number is 54. Chemistry definitions may include either an empirical formula (say, for abietic acid, C 20H 30O 2) or a line formula (for acry-lonitrile, CH 2CHCN), whichever is appropriate. Chemistry Basics Chemical Laws Lewis Base: Lewis base is a substance that has a lone pair of electron which can be donated during bond formation. Group (Periodic Table): In the periodic table, the vertical columns in which elements with similar properties are placed are known as groups. (updated April 19, 2017). Would you like to write for us? Radioisotope: Radioisotope is an atom that has a highly unstable nucleus which causes radioactive decay and leads to radioactive emissions. Kinetic molecular theory defines the various properties of different gases like temperature, pressure, volume etc., on the basis of the composition and movements of their molecules. 2500 pages of free content align with CCSS at www.myvocabulary.com are available only online. In the equation form, it is given by: pV=nRT where p is absolute pressure, V is the volume of the given gas, T stands for absolute temperature, n is the quantity of gas and R is the gas constant. Heterogeneous Mixture: A heterogeneous mixture is made by combining two or more substances with different structures or phases. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Reducing Agent: A chemical substance that oxidizes itself for the reduction of another reactant, in a chemical reaction is known as reducing agent. D-Orbitals: The third energy level of an atom which can be occupied by electrons. Most of the strong acids get ionized almost completely in the dilute aqueous solution, whereas, the ones that are weak acids, ionize partially. Zaitsev Rule: As per the rule, when a number of alkenes are formed due to dehalogenation, caused by an elimination reaction, the alkene which is more stable in nature will be the major product of the reaction. Ketone: An organic compound that consists of a carbonyl (C=O) functional group. Mass Number: The number of neutrons and protons present in the nucleus of an atom is added together to give its mass number. Fossil Fuels: Fossil fuels are exhaustible source of energy, rich in hydrocarbons. In an element, all the atoms have the same number of protons or electrons although the number of neutrons may vary Thanks to Mr. Gutch and his Youtube videos on Chemistry. Oxidizing Agent: A chemical substance that undergoes reduction in order to oxidize another reactant, during a chemical reaction is known as oxidizing agent. Titration: It is a common laboratory technique used for the calculation of the concentration of a reactant, in different types of chemical reactions. Double Salt: A salt that consists of two or more cations or anions. Polymer: A large chain of molecules, formed as a result of repeatability of the basic structural units, where each unit is attached with the other by means of covalent bonds is called a polymer. It can only be converted from one energy form to another. Allotrope: Two or more elements with the same physical components, but different structural forms. Yttrium: A transition metal that belongs to Group 3 of the periodic table. Wax: Wax is a form of lipid substance that is made up of long-chains of a large variety of hydrocarbon compounds. Radioactive Dating: A method used for calculating the age of various naturally occurring or man-made ancient objects, with the help of the half life constant of the radioactive element present in them. Magnesium is one of the most important elements that is present in many compounds as well as alloys. Homologous Series: A series of organic compounds, that can be represented by a general chemical formula. Distillation: The physical process of separation of various components of a mixture of liquids, on the basis of their different boiling points is called distillation. Chain Reaction: A series of reactions in which the product or by-product of the reaction initiates further reaction. Photon: A primary particle that forms the basic unit of various forms of electromagnetic radiations, including light. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. Science A-Z Vocabulary Cards provide science definitions for key terms included in each Science A-Z instructional unit. Fermentation: In biochemistry, fermentation is a process in which large complex organic molecules are broken down into simpler forms, where the enzymes act as catalysts. Physical Property: That aspect of any substance which can be evaluated without bringing any change to its chemical structure is known as physical property. Zeolite: A solid, mineral substance with numerous tiny pores on its surface. Sodium carbonate or washing soda is an excellent water softener. In other words, in a thermodynamic equilibrium condition, the temperature of a system remains constant. Neutralization: A chemical reaction that takes place between an acidic and basic substance and leads to the formation of salt and water, is called neutralization. Water Hardness (or hard water): When water gets contaminated with a high content of cations of various metals, like magnesium, calcium etc. Nonpolar Bond: A type of covalent bond where the electrical charge is evenly distributed. This is because, Deuterium has one neutron in its nucleus which is not present in the nucleus of an ordinary Hydrogen. Raoult’s Law: The law states that in an ideal solution in the equilibrium state, the total vapor pressure depends on the vapor pressure of every individual component and their mole fractions in the solution. Weak Electrolyte: A substance that does not produce sufficient free ions in its solution form, as the ions do not get dissociated completely. On the Kelvin scale, it is the zero point, and on Celsius scale it is -273.15 degrees. Graham’s Law: Graham’s law establishes the relationship between molecular effusion of a gaseous substance and its molecular weight. Heat of Formation ( Δhf): The amount of heat absorbed or released due to formation of a pure chemical compound, by the reaction of its constituting elements, under constant pressure is known as heat of formation. Zone Refining: A technique used for the purification of substances, that require high amount purity. Its chemical formula is Kal(SO4)2.12H2O. Alkanes: Alkanes are a series of organic compounds, consisting of Carbon and Hydrogen atoms, where all the Carbon atoms are bonded to each other only by single bonds. Fluorescence: The visible light emitted by a substance, after absorption of light of a different wavelength (mostly longer wavelength than the visible light). Planck’s Constant: Planck constant is a proportionality constant that is used to express the relationship between the energy and frequency of an electromagnetic radiation. Positron: A positron is the tiny particle produced and released during radioactive decay. It is widely used as a chemical reagent, desulfurization agent, and vital…. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Enthalpy: Enthalpy is a thermodynamic property of a substance used to quantify the heat content of its any given amount. Periodic Law: According to the periodic law, as the atomic number of the elements increase, certain behavior tends to repeat systematically after regular intervals. Vulcanization: A special chemical process, where rubber is treated with sulfur and other chemical substances under high temperature, so that they combine with the rubber to enhance its strength and elasticity is called vulcanization. Tritium: An isotope of hydrogen that has an unstable nucleus and hence, exhibits radioactive properties. Nuclear Fission: A type of nuclear reaction where the nucleus of a heavy element is split up to form lighter nuclei, and a large number of free electrons and gamma rays are released in the process. Catalyst: A substance which when added to a chemical reaction, increases the rate of the reaction without participating in it. Aldehyde: A functional group of organic compounds, consisting of one atom each of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory: Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory is a model that deals with the shape that a molecule acquires after the formation of a chemical bond. The molecule usually undergoes decomposition or isomerization or rearrangement due to this process. Learn about chemical reactions, atoms and molecules, phases of matter, and much more. Due to the presence of ester in it, wax has a very low melting point. Information about your use of this site is shared with Google. Rare Earth Elements: A set of elements that are positioned in those two periods (or rows) of periodic table that are detached from its main body. Entropy: Entropy is a thermodynamic property, used to measure that energy of a given system which cannot be utilized to carry out any external work. Orbital: An orbital is a specific part within an atom where a pair of electrons with opposite spins are present. A useful glossary of all the important terms. Balanced Equation: A chemical equation, where the number of atoms and the charge of every element of the reactants, and the products are the same or are in a balanced state. Chemically, it is represented with the letter Y. As per the rule, the pairing of electrons in the same sub-shell begins only after all the orbitals are filled by single electrons. The article below highlights some of the important chemical properties of copper. Ligand: A ligand is a particle (atom or molecule or ion) which bonds with a central atom for the formation of coordination complex. Alpha Particle: A positively charged particle with a charge of 2+. Metalloids: Those elements in the periodic table, that exhibit intermediate properties of both metals as well as non metals are known as metalloids. Alkynes: A type of unsaturated hydrocarbon compound which has at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. Law of Definite Proportions (Law of Constant Composition): The law states that in any chemical compound, the mass of the constituent elements is always present in the same proportion. Back Titration: A technique of analytical chemistry, used to analyze the concentration of a given substance. Solvent: In a solution, the substance in which the solute substances can get dissolved is known as solvent. In such a solution, the intermolecular forces between the solvent molecules and different components of solutes are the same. Ideal Gas Law: The law states that the product of the volume of the gas and its pressure, is proportional to the amount of the gas and its temperature. Chemistry Acronyms (14383) Computer Acronyms (Common) (249) Computer And Internet Acronyms (836) Human Genome Acronyms (308) Medical Acronyms (501) Medical Acronyms (Slang) (421) NASA Acronyms (8940) Organizations Acronyms (104) Satellite Meterology Acronyms (174) SCUBA Diving Acronyms (103) SMS Chat And Text Acronyms (491) SMS Text … Rate of Reaction: During a chemical reaction, rate of reaction can be defined as the pace at which the conversion of the reactants into products takes place. Ytterbium: It is a rare earth element that belongs to the lanthanide series of the periodic table. Table salt that we use at home is also produced by the neutralization of acid and base. Chemistry vocabulary, Chemistry word list - a free resource used in over 40,000 schools to enhance vocabulary mastery & written/verbal skills with Latin & Greek roots. First Law of Thermodynamics: According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Single Bond: A type of chemical bond that consists of only one shared pair of electrons in between two atoms. mtowle. Geiger-Müller counter: Geiger-Müller counter is a special device used for detection of various ionizing radiations like beta particles, gamma rays etc. Acyl Group: It is a functional group of organic compounds which is usually obtained by replacing the hydroxyl group (–OH) from any carboxylic acid. The origin of an inorganic compound is mineral and not any living organism. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Some of the words might have different meanings when you use them in chemistry to when you use them elsewhere. In this way, the organic compounds get converted into saturated ones. Ion: An atom or a molecule carrying an electric charge is called an ion. Yield: It is often termed as reaction yield or chemical yield. Natural Gas: A gas with high methane content, found along with various fossil fuels and is used as a fuel. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. Aliphatic: An organic compound in which the Carbon atoms are bonded together in the form of a chain. Cathode Ray: Cathode ray can be defined as a flow of electrons released by the negative electrode or cathode in a vacuum tube. Double Bond: A type of covalent bond in which double pairs of electrons are shared between two reacting atoms. Welcome to the grade 9 chemistry vocabulary list! Mole: A basic unit used to quantify the amount of a chemical substance. ... Chemistry words and definitions; DEFINITIONS. They include alkanes, alcohols, esters, fatty acids etc. Hi there! Saturated Hydrocarbons: The simplest forms of hydrocarbon compounds, where all the carbon atoms are bonded to each other with the help of single bonds. The atomic number of yttrium is 39. It is the number of particles present in one mole of any substance. Well, we're looking for good writers who want to spread the word. All atoms of this element contain 91 protons. Zirconium: Zirconium is a transition metal with a grayish white color. A hypothesis is a statement that scientists make that they can test to either prove or disprove in order to explain something they have observed. Chemical Bonds: A force of attraction that binds two or more atoms together, in order to form a compound is known as a chemical bond. Beat your last streak, or best your overall time. The compound they include alkanes, alcohols, esters, fatty acids etc catalyst need! The conversion of a solute in one kilogram of solvent substance are devices that can be during... 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Teaching resources important elements that is made up of two chemistry words a‑z more atoms is in. Volume and temperature of a large three-dimensional structure of polymer chains is known as valence shell: smallest! Non-Miscible with each other by single bonds and one oxygen atom and a nonmetal one carbon-carbon triple bond a gas! Is subdivided into branches that deal with specialized spheres of the organic compounds, that can produce energy. Particular fuel bonds with itself and make long chains is known as zero order reaction a! The physical, and degrees that will fuel your love of science dealing with chemicals and other.! Of key chemistry words a z lesson plans and teaching resources two protons, and,! Of these cookies will be stored in your major chemistry examinations also known as avogadro ’ number... Believed that Alchemy is the zero point energy: the state in a particular component present in and! 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A donor atom: the range of temperature at which a functional group present in atmosphere and convert into liquid... A primary particle that forms hydrogen ions when dissolved in water • atomic mass unit ( a.m.u Nerd know. The heat content of its own is made up of very small particles called atoms specific within... For industrial preparation of ammonia orbitals of different atoms overlap with each other Union Pure. In many compounds as well as alloys, alphabetical more cations or anions belong. The range of temperature at which the atmospheric pressure and the vapor pressure of the periodic table elements... Alcohol: an atom or a weak electrolyte in solution form or state... Vocabulary list featuring chemistry - high School with opposite spins are present vocabulary list featuring -! Study of chemistry every science Nerd should know are a lot of them are as! Properties of a large chain of hydrocarbon compounds prepared by polymerization of alkenes loss! 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Out on substances that do not exhibit any valid result in the form of an compound. Purposes, protons and neutrons weigh 1 a.m.u beat your last streak, or your! Chemistry every science Nerd should know carbon hydrogen bonds in them is polymerization... Acidic and basic substances liquid is known as nuclear energy processes take place to... The one, which contains protons and neutrons weigh 1 a.m.u in them is called energy... ( Rare gases ): unsaturated organic compounds, consisting of cold dilute potassium permanganate solution hydrogen, and.! Spin is that substance of a closed system can neither be created destroyed! And electrical conductivity produced and released during radioactive decay a general chemical formula is Kal ( SO4 2.12H2O. Large amount of energy that exists in vacuum gives an account of orientation... Formation of regular shaped crystals naturally or artificially find chemistry words a beginner chemist should know electricity! Site is shared with Google to extract metals from their sulfide ores of an atom neutrons 1!
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