This questionnaire was sent to partner organisations,150 RWB correspondents, journalists, researchers, jurists and human rights activists. Heshmat expected to expose the aims of what he called the axis of evil in the Islamic world and to expose his affairs to the people. The legislative power is bicameral since the constitutional referendum of 2019 was approved by the House of Representatives in June 2020. In June 2020, Egypt adopted an economic reform program supported by a 12-month Stand-By Arrangement (SBA) with the IMF. He expected that the new formation of the government would achieve the missing cooperation between its members, as this would be reflected in the increase in growth and development rates. In 2020, Egypt's economy was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, but proactive measures taken to address health and social needs and support the most directly affected sectors helped mitigate the economic and human impact of the crisis (IMF). Likewise, Ethiopia’s acquisition of $ 9 billion from the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund - alongside the UAE and Saudi Arabia - will be a major reason for Addis Ababa's announcement that construction of the second upper dam over the Renaissance Dam will begin. The latter is forecast to pick up to 5% in 2022, subject to the post-pandemic global economic recovery. Posted at 18:48 10 Dec 2020 18:48 10 Dec 2020 Italy accuses Egypt agents over student's murder Italian prosecutors accuse four Egyptian officers over the 2016 murder of a Cambridge student. The economic files that the government faces and the citizens suffer from are many, varied and have repercussions during the new year, and analysts see them in an optimistic framework, while others refuted the risks that await them. They featured low turnout, intimidation, and abuse of state resources. Santander, Santander Trade and the Flame logo are registered trademarks. Published Feb. 11, 2020 Updated Feb. 25, 2020 CAIRO — Somewhere in Egypt, around lunchtime Tuesday, the country reached a major milestone: its 100 millionth citizen was born. The Economic freedom index measure ten components of economic freedom, grouped into four broad categories or pillars of economic freedom: Rule of Law (property rights, freedom from corruption); Limited Government (fiscal freedom, government spending); Regulatory Efficiency (business freedom, labour freedom, monetary freedom); and Open Markets (trade freedom, investment freedom, financial freedom). The Egyptian economy was supported by the allocation of EGP 100 billion, representing 2% of the GDP (Egypt Oil & Gas). Appropriate monetary policy allowed the inflation rate to further decrease in 2020, reaching 5.7%. The same with the projects of the new administrative capital and the new city of El Alamein, as they are an attempt to absorb excess liquidity among citizens by purchasing housing units and lands. Agriculture contributes 11% of the GDP (World Bank, 2019) and employs 23% of the active population (World Bank, 2020). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the services surplus declined by 31.2% to USD 9.0 billion (from USD 13.0 billion), mainly as a result of the decrease in tourism revenues. | COVID-19 Country Response. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, Egypt announced record oil production levels, exceeding 650,000 barrels per day. The current political system was established following the Egyptian Revolution of 2011 and the resignation of President Hosni Mubarak.In the current system, the President is elected for a six-year term, where they are able to appoint up to 5 percent of the parliament. To find out about the latest public health situation in the Egypt and the current sanitary measures in vigour, please consult the dedicated page on the website of the US embassy in Egypt. In turn, Dr. Jamal Heshmat, the former Undersecretary of the Foreign Relations Committee in Parliament, said that the political files witnessed a catastrophic failure and great deterioration due to the absence of real change, and the continued survival of what he described as the ruling gang exercising repression on citizens. All rights reserved. Your country was not recognised. Egypt Economic Outlook. Inflation, which had risen to near record highs against a backdrop of a political turmoil and loss in the value of Egyptian pound, fell to 13.9% in 2019, from 20.9% the previous year. Al-Koumi expected that the only change in the upcoming elections would be to transfer her administration from the National Security Agency to the intelligence services, adding that "nothing will change except for pumping new blood from the litmus in Parliament, especially with the emergence of the second chamber, which is the Senate.". To find out about the latest status of the COVID-19 pandemic evolution and the most up-to-date statistics on the COVID-19 disease in Egypt, consult the daily statistics published by the WHO.For the international outlook you can consult the latest situation reports published by the World Health Organisation. Macroeconomic performance and outlook Economic growth in Egypt, estimated at 5.6% for 2019, is forecast to strengthen to 5.8% in 2020 and 6% in 2021, supported by broad-based economic reform programs since 2016. The former military spokesman for the armed forces, Brigadier General Mohamed Samir, did not expect that when he was writing an article criticising the political situation in Egypt, his words would drag him into woes at a time when no one is allowed to express his opinion, criticise a situation, or even warn of the danger the country is facing. He added that the government headquarters is expected to move to the new administrative capital during the new year, which may be an important factor in advancing development. Egypt’s public prosecutor has cleared five policemen of responsibility in the 2016 murder of Italian student Giulio Regeni and said he will not pursue the case because the perpetrator is unknown. The resulting polarisation has encouraged mounting political violence from the Islamic State (ISIS) and other violent groups, particularly in the Sinai Peninsula where a low-level insurgency has raged. Currently, Egypt’s annual share of the Nile water is fifty billion cubic meters, which means an estimated deficit of 19 billion cubic meters. The latest breaking news, comment and features from The Independent. Elections for both chambers were scheduled for 2020. The politics of Egypt are based on republicanism, with a semi-presidential system of government. To compile this index, Reporters Without Borders (RWB) prepared a questionnaire incorporating the main criteria (44 in total) to assess the situation of press freedom in a given country. Source: For the information on the economic recovery scheme put in place by the local government to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Egyptian economy, please visit the, For the information on the local business support scheme established by the Egyptian government, consult the, For the up-to-date information on possible support plans for exporters in Egypt, if applicable, please consult the website of the, OECD Economic Outlook Interim Report Coronavirus (Covid-19): Living with uncertainty, IMF's policy tracking platform Policy Responses to COVID-19, Economic freedom in the world (interactive map), 2019 Index of Economic Freedom, Heritage Foundation, The Economist - Business Environment Rankings 2014-2018, Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, Website containing official information from the government. On the monetary side, Abdel-Muttalib suggested reducing the interest rate and stabilizing the pound exchange rate against the dollar, ruling that the price would decrease below 15 pounds against the dollar. For an overview of the tax measures that have been adopted, refer to the PWC website.For the general overview of the key economic policy responses to the COVID-19 outbreak (fiscal, monetary and macroeconomic) taken by the Egyptian government to limit the socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, please consult the section dedicated to Egypt in the IMF’s Policy Tracker platform. Egypt reopened its airspace to Qatari flights on Tuesday and will allow the resumption of air traffic between the two countries as part of a thaw in relations with the Gulf state, officials said. It reflects the degree of freedom enjoyed by journalists, the media and digital citizens of each country and the means used by states to respect and uphold this freedom. In the past two decades, employment growth in Egypt has failed to keep up with the growth of the working age population. The Renaissance Dam .. Agreement to continue the tripartite negotiations under the auspices of the African Union, The balance of power, militarily and economically, is ahead of Egypt, and Ethiopia is challenging. The main challenger was arrested, prompting other challengers to withdraw their campaign on possible grounds of intimidation. This expected step, despite the technical problems with the dam, was justified by Hafez by trying to ensure that the ruling coalition won the presidency of the current Ethiopian Prime Minister in the elections. The progovernment coalition For the Love of Egypt, consisting of some 10 parties, won all 120 bloc-vote seats. Zawya: website containing economic information on the Middle East. In 2020, the Suez Canal Authority generated USD 5.61 billion revenues (Egypt Oil&Gas). Despite this slowdown, Egypt was one of the few countries with positive growth rate in 2020. The authorities continued to severely restrict human rights organizations’ and political parties’ freedom of association. November 3, 2020. For the latest economic outlook due to the Covid-19 pandemic, please consult the OECD Economic Outlook Interim Report Coronavirus (Covid-19): Living with uncertainty and the IMF's policy tracking platform Policy Responses to COVID-19 for the key economic responses from governments. In Egypt, there are 8 different active political alliances based on their religious and political orientation. Hafiz suggested that the government would deal if Ethiopia agreed to the 35 billion cubic meters and extend the storage period of the dam to seven years as it had achieved an important victory, and would try to persuade the citizens to stop farming for most of the local products and expand the water desalination projects. Egypt will lead growth in the MENA region in 2020. Learn more about Market Analyses about Egypt on Globaltrade.net, the Directory for International Trade Service Providers. He explained that the central bank supported the appreciation of the pound against the dollar during the last months of the past year, adding that if this government-made rise continues, prices are likely to decrease, especially associated with imported goods. Therefore, any incident related to the contents or services must be resolved between the user and Export Entreprises S.A.; with no involvement or responsibility from Banco Santander, S.A. or any of its subsidiaries. Republic based on the Constitution adopted by referendum in January 2014 (amended in 2019). It examines ten separate criteria or categories, covering the political environment, the macroeconomic environment, market opportunities, policy towards free enterprise and competition, policy towards foreign investment, foreign trade and exchange controls, taxes, financing, the labour market and infrastructure. On the issue of reconciliation with Qatar, Ahmed Rami al-Hofy, a leader in the Freedom and Justice Party that is affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood, predicted a slow and gradual reconciliation between Doha and Riyadh only without the rest of the countries including Egypt. That seemingly optimistic vision of the future of the economy is reversed by Mustafa Shaheen, professor of economics at American University of Oakland, who found several indications of economic suffering that Egyptians will experience during the year 2020. The State has a presidential system of Government. It established an upper chamber called the Senate, composed of 300 seats. The ratings process is based on a checklist of 10 political rights questions (on Electoral Process, Political Pluralism and Participation, Functioning of Government) and 15 civil liberties questions (on Freedom of Expression, Belief, Associational and Organizational Rights, Rule of Law, Personal Autonomy and Individual Rights). Although the President Gamal Abdel Nasser banned all political opposition, in a monopoly of power within the Arab Socialist Union (ASU), his successor, Anwar Sadat . Source: Freedom in the World 2019, Freedom House. The total score awarded to the political rights and civil liberties checklist determines the political rights and civil liberties rating. Therefore, Shaheen expected that the government will continue to close the door to many imported goods, in order to avoid entering into a new crisis due to the high value of the dollar against the pound. The official unemployment rate, after reaching its highest level in the past 11 years in 2015, has been declining slowly since then and fell to around 8.3% in 2020 according to IMF estimates. The country also became the 13th gas producer in the world (Le360Afrique), its production increasing by 12.4% during financial year 2019-2020 (Africa Oil & Power). DRC: beyond consultations, the standoff between Félix Tshisekedi and Joseph Kabila, Egypt refers the issue of the Ethiopian Renaissance Dam to the UN Security Council, Libya file and water security fears ... economic risks that might reduce money flows to Egypt, Pink swings crossing Mexico and the United States rewarded, U.S. elections: divisions will impact U.S. economy. Reform and Development Party [Mohamad Anwar al-SADAT], Socialist Popular Alliance Party, Constitution Party, Justice Party, Egyptian Social Democratic Party [Farid ZAHRAN] , Dignity Party , Freedom Egypt Party , Bread and Freedom Party, Arab Democratic Nasserist Party [Dr. Mohamed ABDUL ELLA], Arab Party for Justice and Equality, Democratic Generation Party, Democratic Peace Party [Ahmed FADALY], Egyptian Arab Socialist Party, Egyptian National Movement Party [Gen. Raouf EL SAYED] , My Homeland Egypt Party [Gen. Seif El Islam ABDEL BARY] ,Social Construction Party , Tomorrow Party , Victory Party, Voice of Egypt Party, Egyptian Democratic, Nasserist Party, Future of Egypt Party, Dignity Party, Tagammu Party, Free Egyptians Party [Essam KHALIL]: centre/centre-right , Wafd Party [Bahaa ABU SHOKA]: national-liberal ,Nation's Future Party (Mostaqbal Watan) [Mohamed Ashraf RASHAD]: centre-left , Congress Party [Omar Al-Mokhtar SEMIDA]: centre-right, big tent, liberalism, Conservative Party [Akmal KOURTAM] , Tamarrod , Tommorow Party, Sadat Democratic Party, Modern Egypt Party [Nabil DEIBIS] , Reform and Renaissance Party, Human Rights and Citizenship Party, We Are The People Party, New Independent Party, Arab Party for Justice and Equality, Homeland Defenders Party, Democratic Peace Party, Egyptian Arab Socialist Party, Modern Egypt Party, Republican People’s Party [Hazim AMR] : liberal and populist , National Party of Egypt, Egyptian Liberation Party, Tomorrow Party, Egyptian National Movement Party [Gen. Raouf EL SAYED], My Homeland Egypt Party, Democratic Generation Party, Building and Development Party , Freedom and Justice Party , New Labour Party , Virtue Party, Egyptian Reform Party , Authencity Party , People Party, Al-Nour [Yunis MAKHYUN]: far-right, conservative-salafistEl Ghad Party [Moussa Mostafa MOUSSA]El Serh El Masry el Hor [Tarek Ahmed Abbas NADIM]Freedom Party [Salah HASSABALAH]Homeland’s Protector Party [Lt. Gen. (retired) Galal AL-HARIDI]: populistNational Progressive Unionist (Tagammu) Party [Sayed Abdel AAL]Revolutionary Guards Party [Magdy EL-SHARIF]. © Export Entreprises SA, All Rights Reserved. In this, Al-Houfi mentioned Qatar Petroleum Company's announcement last November to operate a refinery project in Mostorod, north of Cairo. The future situation will get worse, as the dam expert expects that Egypt will not get 35 billion cubic meters, explaining that the formula for Nile water users has entered new partners and they are Arab Gulf countries who have invested huge funds in purchasing seven million acres located near the course of the Blue Nile. In particular, demographic changes and economic trends continue to evolve in ways that have the potential to increase unrest. Inflation has been declining since end-2019 and has remained rather contained, registering an average of 5.7% in the fiscal year 2020 (from an average 19.6% in the previous three), reflecting subdued demand and the general decline of global commodity prices, including oil. Political freedom in the world (interactive map) Political parties faced arbitrary restrictions on their work, such as organizing public events, and increasing arrests of their members. Please check the spelling. For information on the travel restrictions undertaken by the Egyptian government, please refer to the website of the US embassy in Egypt and to EgyptOnlineVisa.For the international outlook you can consult the latest travel updates available on the IATA website. Source: After having recovered from the internal political crisis and revolutionary uprising of 2011, the Egyptian economy recently slowed down due to the outbreak of the COVID-19. Economic policy will focus initially on mitigating the fallout of the coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic, with fiscal consolidation delayed, but reforms will continue as part of an IMF programme. The Central Bank of Egypt slashed policy rates by a cumulative 350 basis-points since March 2020 to ease liquidity. Each of the freedoms within these four broad categories is individually scored on a scale of 0 to 100. By Anonymous | April 30, 2020… International Trade Centre's COVID-19 Temporary Trade Measures webpage. It appears as the most resilient sector in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. IMF – World Economic Outlook Database, President: Abdel fattah El-Sisi (since June 2014 ; re-elected for a second term in March 2018), Prime Minister: Mostafa Madbouli (since June 2018). In 2020, the budget deficit increased slightly to -7.5% of GDP (from -7.2%), and is expected to widen to -8.5% in 2021 before decreasing again in 2022 (-5.7%) thanks to economic recovery. The Demographic Situation. Each rating of 1 through 7, with 1 representing the highest and 7 the lowest level of freedom, corresponds to a range of total scores. The survey measures freedom according to two broad categories: political rights and civil liberties. [3] Political news headlines, in-depth politics coverage and political opinion, plus breaking news on Egypt, Africa, MENA region, and world affairs. Tools and resources to help your company expand globally, In this page: or against the media (censorship, confiscation, searches and harassment etc.). The President may dissolve the House of Representatives. A country’s overall economic freedom score is a simple average of its scores on the 10 individual freedoms. The parliament described the European Parliament’s decision as "politicized and unbalanced". restored some competition in the political arena, through introducting a new Constitution in 1971. The economist Abdel Nabi Abdel Muttalib believes that the Egyptians have suffered a lot from the suffering and hardship in recent years, but he finds indicators of economic relief during the new year. He expected Qatar to not retract its political position with Egypt, but with regard to the economic file between the two countries, it seems that it is beyond the regional problems. World Bank, Latest available data. Professor of Dams Engineering in Malaysia Mohamed Hafez says it is expected that the Renaissance Dam will be opened informally during the annual celebrations of the ninth anniversary of its founding in April. He expected that the local council elections that are supposed to take place this year will not differ from the parliamentarian, in terms of security domination over it and the victory of the hypocrites for power. Alibaba: Economic portal on the Middle East. Find more information about your business sector on our service Market Reports. It started improving again during Q1 2020 and was recorded at 7.7%. To find out about the latest status of the COVID-19 pandemic evolution and the most up-to-date statistics on the COVID-19 disease in Egypt, consult the. Domestic demand and foreign inflows will be hit as the economy and external finances weaken in 2020/21, but growth will recover to about 5% thereafter. Egypt drops inquiry into murder of Italian student Giulio Regeni. Over the course of 2019, Egypt witnessed many political and economic issues and files, whether those that appeared on the scene suddenly, or that have ancient roots under the dust of previous years. Prosecutors reject Italy’s finding that Egyptian security officials were behind kidnap and torture Published: 30 Dec 2020 . Political Outline By continuing your navigation on our website. Introductory Offer - expires 11:59 pm 9/9/2020 Travel receipts fell by 54.9% between January and June 2020 (Central Bank of Egypt). It should remain under control despite an expected increase to 6.2% in 2021 and 7.9% in 2022. IMF – World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020. As for the development projects promoted by the Authority, the economic analyst said that it is not linked to an actual need to have value and return, and set an example of the Suez Canal subvention project, which cost the government about eight billion dollars without increasing the revenues of the channel despite its opening five years ago. Santander Trade offers a set-content, database and tools provided and managed by Export Entreprises S.A. Santander provides access to its client companies but is totally unrelated to the contents and services provided which are, fully, the responsibility of Export Entreprises S.A. And Shaheen spoke of the absence of any indication of the improvement of the deficit of the state budget, which means the continuing deterioration of the economic situation. The government is also targeting GDP growth at 2% for FY 2020/21. The business rankings model measures the quality or attractiveness of the business environment in the 82 countries covered by The Economist Intelligence Unit’s Country Forecast reports. In addition, before the pandemic, the country was already in a strong position as it had implemented an economic reform program comprising fiscal consolidation measures, the introduction of a floating exchange rate and large cuts in subsidies. Parliamentary: 2020 Current Political Context Egypt’s presidential elections of March 2018 posed little challenge to incumbent Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi being re-elected with 97% of votes, after all serious opposition contenders halted their campaign two months before the election. In an interview with the French paper Le Figaro , Sisi responded to a question on a potential military faceoff between Egypt and Turkey in Libya, saying, “Egypt will never initiate an attack . Any Comment About This Content? With automotive manufacturing, steel manufacturing, cotton cultivation, textile production and the construction industry, the secondary sector accounts for 35.6% of the GDP and employs 28% of the workforce. published by the World Health Organisation. For 2021, the priority is to support the economic recovery as the external environment remains fragile and risks include a second wave of COVID-19, less favorable financing conditions for emerging markets, and a drop in remittances (IMF). The House of Representatives is composed of 596 members elected for a period of 5 years by universal suffrage. On April 22, 2019, Egyptians cast their votes on the latest amendments, that include extending the presidential term of office from four to six years, and increasing the current president's term, assuring that Sisi will remain in office until 2030. Cairo - 18 December 2020: Egypt's House of Representatives refused in a statement, Friday the European Parliament’s resolution on the human rights situation in Egypt. It is largely dominated by revenues from telecommunications and tourism sectors. The main crops are cereals, cotton, sugar cane and beetroots. The elections were initially expected to be held in April or May 2020. The last elections for the House of Representatives took place in two stages in 2015. Source: The Economist - Business Environment Rankings 2014-2018. In Egypt, the Coronavirus Poses a Political Threat The pandemic has exposed the shortfalls of a government that has neglected the health sector for too long. At the same time, the dam expert expected that Ethiopia would agree to pass 35 billion cubic meters to Egypt instead of 31 billion, and the last is the percentage that Addis Ababa sees as sufficient as Cairo’s share of the Nile waters. Source: 2019 Index of Economic Freedom, Heritage Foundation. 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